DOI: https://doi.org/10.54944/kzbyj340bm51
ӘОЖ: 594.38
¹Mukhamadiev N.S., ²Esenbekova P.A., ¹Mendibaeva G.Zh.
¹Kazakh Research Institute of Plant Protection and Quarantine named after Zh. Zhyembaev, Kultobe street, 1, md. Rakhat, Nauryzbai district, 050070, Almaty, Kazakhstan
E-mails: nurzhan-80@mail.ru; www.gulnaz87.kz@mail.ru
²Institute of zoology,. Al-Farabi, 93, Almaty, 050060, Qazaqstan
Abstract:
The article provides information about the most dangerous Spanish slimy snails that entered the territory of Kazakhstan. At the beginning of July 2020, we first met the Spanish slug (Arion vulgaris) in the Medeu State Regional Natural Park. Slimy snails predominate in the moist areas of the lower slopes of the mountains. They crowd out and replace other native animals. These species are a natural threat to local snails. Therefore, experiments were carried out on an area of 10 m2 to test biological agents against the Spanish snail (Arion vulgaris). According to the results of industrial tests, the biological preparation Bitoxibacillin (Bacillus thuringiensis var.) Showed a biological effect of 7 days - 74.9 and 7 days - 87.4 compared to the untreated control area. The biological product Aktarofit showed high biological effectiveness, providing 100% removal of Spanish mucus on the 1st day after treatment. Today, due to the annual increase in trade with foreign countries, the country has the possibility of spreading various types of pests. Therefore, to prevent these problems, further monitoring is needed to improve control of Spanish snails.
Key words: Spanish slimy snail (Arion vulgaris), introduced species, pest, Medeu State Regional Natural Park, biologicals, monitoring, control measures.
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Introduction:
From the second half of the twentieth century, the Spanish mucous snail quickly settled in Europe and rapidly conquered many territories (Hatteland and others, 2013; Gismervik and others, 2015; Rabitsch, 2006; Gural-Sverlova, Gural, 2011a, b, c). Chronology of the distribution of the Spanish mucous snail (Arion vulgaris Moquin-Tandon, 1855) in Europe: Great Britain: 1954, Lincolnshire and Norfolk - 2012; France (exit from the original distribution area): 1955; Switzerland: 1956; Italy: 1965; Bulgaria: 1966; Germany: 1969; Austria: 1971; Belgium: 1973; Poland: 1996; Sweden: 1985; Norway: 1988 [1]; Finland: 1990; Czech Republic: 1991; Denmark: 2000; Slovakia: 1992; Faroe Islands: 1996; Estonia: 2008; Hungary: 2000; Croatia: 1996; Serbia: 2002; Iceland: 2003; Ukraine: 2007; Romania: 2012; Russia: 2020.
Spanish mussel snails are included in the list of the most dangerous invasive species of animals in Europe (imported from other habitats).
Every year there are more and more reports of Spanish slimy snails. On July 2, 2020, for the first time on the territory of MSU "Medeu State Regional Natural Park" of the Department of Green Economy of the city of Almaty, we found 2-3 specimens. Spanish mussels (Arion vulgaris). August 17, 2020. Upon re-examination of these sites, we observed an increase in the number of these slimy snails (Fig. 1). Slimy snails are numerous in the foothills with high humidity, 6-7 individuals per 1 sq. km. m, as well as larvae (Fig. 1). With an increase in height, the number decreased and was not found in the upper belt.
References:
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