DOI: https://doi.org/10.54944/kzbat384hl35

UDC: 32.7/.937.12:633.936

Mukhamadiev N.S., Mendibayeva G.Zh., Dauletkeldi E.

Kazakh Research Institute of Plant Protection and Quarantine named after Zh. Zhyembaev, Kultobe street, 1, md. Rakhat, Nauryzbai district, 050070, Almaty, Kazakhstan

E-mail: nurzhan-80@mail.ru; www.gulnaz87.kz@mail.ru

Abstract:

Petiolate oak Quercus robur is the type species of the genus Quercus Oak of the Beech family Fagaceae, a large tree reaching a height of 30-40 m, forming broad-leaved forests (oak forests) in the south of the forest and in the forest-steppe zones. The species is listed in the Red Book of the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

Currently, as a result of anthropogenic activities, tens of thousands of species of animals (insects) and plant organisms move around the planet every day. At the same time, many of them lead to very serious environmental, social and economic consequences. Thus, in recent years, outbreaks of reproduction of invasive insect pests have been observed in forest and urban green spaces in Kazakhstan, where their biological and ecological features are insufficiently studied. In recent years, an urgent problem has arisen in Almaty and its surroundings – massive damage to trees. Most of the lesions of the oak mining sawfly (Profenusa pygmaea) were noted in the city and in the region. Local outbreaks of mass reproduction of the oak mining sawfly (Profenusa pygmaea) have been observed in park and street plantings of Almaty cities since 2018. This is due to the increased trade turnover, an increase in the flow of people, goods and vehicles crossing borders. More often, the penetration of invasive species occurs through large transport hubs and large cities and which become a kind of places of insect pest reservation. In the green spaces of the Almaty region and Almaty, damage is observed by the invasive pest oak mining sawfly (Profenusa pygmaea), where the damage of oaks (Quercus robur), both young plantings and mature adult trees, the degree of damage ranges from 75-85% of the foliage crown. This article presents the results of the state of oak plantations and the development of the oak mining sawfly (Profenusa pygmaea), with an assessment of the biological effectiveness of the protective measures carried out.

Key words: green plantings, oak mining sawfly, phenocalendary, imago, larva, pupa, biological preparation.

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Introduction:

Great damage to urban and forest areas is caused by representatives of hidden groups of philophages. One such group is the oak pest. The biological study of arable land pests is a relatively young branch of modern forest entomology (Baranchikov [1983]; Krasnobaev et al. [Krasnobaev et al.], 1995). Major encyclopedic works of North America and Europe in the mid-twentieth century. (Dobrovolsky, 1969; Needham, Frost, Tothill, 1928; Faeth, 1991) formed the basis for subsequent ecological studies.

Knowledge of pests is interesting not only from a practical point of view, but also from an evolutionary point of view (Isaev et al. [Isaev and others] 2001).

According to the biological and ecological data of leaf-destroying plants, there is very little or no information in the literature. Insufficient research has been done on the group of pests in Kyrgyzstan. Over the past 20 years, the pathological and ecological condition of forests in Bishkek and Shu oblasts has deteriorated (Temirkulkyzy [Temirkulkyzy] 2016).